This is the 121st
Thevara Paadal Petra Shiva Sthalam and 4th Sthalam on the
south side of river Kaveri in Chozha Nadu. This place was called “Karkudi” during the 6th
to 7th Century and is now called Uyyakondan Thirumalai, which is on the way to Vayalur Murugan Temple. The temple is on
the banks of “Uyyakondan River” and the same was mentioned as “Vairamega
Kalvai”.
In Periyapuranam Sekkizhar records that Thirugnanasambandar came
to this temple after worshiping Lord Shiva of Thiruchenthurai ( The Thevara
hymns are not available ).
கற்குடி மாமலை மேல்எழுந்து கனகக் கொழுந்தினையைக் கால்வளையப்பொன்திரன் மேருச்
சிலைவளைத்த போர்விடை யாளியைப் போற்றிசைத்துநல்தமிழ்மாலை புனைந்தருளி
ஞானசம்பந்தர் புலன்கள் ஐந்தும் செற்றவர் முக்கீச்சரம்
பணிந்து திருச்சிராப்பள்ளிச் சிலம்பு அனைந்தார்
In Periya Puranam Sekkizhar also records that Thirunavukkarasu
Swamigal Visited this temple after worshiping Lord Shiva Thayumanavar of Thiruchirappalli.
சிலந்திக்கு அருளும்
கழல்வணங்கக் செஞ்சொல் மாலை பலபாடிஇலங்கு சடையார்
எறும்பியூர் மாலையும் இறைஞ்சிப் பாடியபின்மலர்ந்த சோதித் திருச்சிராப் பள்ளி மலையும் கற்குடியும்நலங்கொள் செல்வத்
திருப்பராய்த் துறையும் தொழுவான் நண்ணினார்……… திருநாவுக்கரசு
சுவாமிகள் புராணம்
Thirugnanasambandar,
Thirunavukkarasu Swamigal, Sundarar, and Vallalar have Sung hymns in praise of
Lord Shiva of this temple. Maha Vidwan Meenakshi Sundaram Pillai has also sung
the Karkudi mamali with 100 songs.
வடந்திகழ் மென்முலை
யாளைப் பாகமதாக மதித்துத்தடந்திரை சேர்புனன்
மாதைத் தாழ்சடை வைத்த சதுரர்இடந்திகழ் முப்புரி
நூலார் துன்பமொடு இன்பமது எல்லாம்கடந்தவர் காதலில் வாழும் கற்குடி மாமாலை யாரே……. திருஞானசம்பந்தர்வானவனை வானவர்க்கு மேலானை வணங்கும் அடியார்
மனத்துள் மருவிப்புக்கதேனவனைத் தேவர் தொழு
கழலான் தன்னைச் செய்குணங்கள் பலவாகி
நின்ற வென்றிக்கோனவனைக் கொல்லை
விடையேற்றினானைக் குழல் முழவம் இயம்பக் கூத்தாட
வல்லகானவனைக் கற்குடியில் விழுமி யானைக் கற்பகத்தைக் கண்னாரக்
கண்டேன் நானே.………. திருநாவுக்கரசு
சுவாமிகள் மறையோர் வானவரும்
தொழுதேத்தி வணங்க நின்றஇறைவா எம் பெருமான்
எனக்கு இன்னமுது ஆயவனேகறையார் சோலைகள் சூழ் திருக்கற்குடி மன்னி நின்றஅறவா அங்கணனே அடியேனையும்
அஞ்சல் என்னே…….. சுந்தரர் செயிரறு நினது திருவருள்
காட்டுந் திறத்தினாற் காண்பதை
யன்றிப்பயிறரு கேள்வி யானின்னைப் பளகறக் காணவும் படுமோவயிரமா மலைச் செம்மணிக்கு
வால் பச்சை மணிக்கு வாலொடு
பிறங்கிடுதல்கயிலை நீ உமையோடி ருப்பது
தெரிக்குங் கற்குடி மாமலைப் பரனே…… கற்குடி மாமலை மாலை -- கூழும்பல் நற்குடியும் ஓஙி நலம்
பெருகு மேன்மை திருக்கற்குடியிற் சந்தான கற்பகமே……… திரு அருட்பாMoolavar : Sr Ujjeevanatha Swamy, Sri Uchinathar, Sri
Muktheesar.Consort : Sri Balambikai, Sri Anjanaakshi Amman
Some of the salient features of this temple are…..The temple is on a small
Hill with a 5-tier Rajagopuram at the base. After Rajagopuram, steps are provided
to reach this small hill shrine. Dwajasthambam, Balipeedam, and Rishabam
are in front of the sanctum sanctorum. Pada – பாதம், of Lord Shiva, is near the
Dwajasthambam. Moolavar is of Swayambhu on a square avudayar faces west. In kostam Vinayagar, Dakshinamurthy, Arthanareeswarar, Brahma, and
Durgai.
Two Ambal sannadhis are
in this temple. (The lotus was found damaged in one Ambal’s hand, hence
another Ambal was installed as per her wish in the dream of the donor ). Anjanakshi Ambal Sannathi is facing east. Natarajar Sabha is in the
mandapa opposite to Moolavar sanctum. In praharam Nalvar, Ambal with Vinayagar,
Sri Valli Devasena Subramaniar, Gajalakshmi, Jyeshta Devi, Bhairavar, Suryan,
Saneeswarar, Idarkathar, Navagrahas, and
Chandikeswarar.
In Utsavars are Pichadanar,
Chandrasekar, Sri Valli Devasena Subramaniar, and Somaskandar.
The 15th Century Saint Arunagirinathar has sung hymns on Lord Muruga of this hill temple.
உறுக்கிச் சினத்துச்
சத்தி யயிற்குத் தரத்தைக்
கைக்கு ளுதிக்கப் பணித்துப்
பக்கல் வருவாயேஉனைச்சொற் றுதிக்கத் தக்க கருத்தைக் கொடுப்பைச்
சித்தி யுடைக்கற் குடிக்குட் பத்தர் பெருமாளே
ARCHITECTUREThe sanctum sanctorum consists of sanctum Sanctorum, antarala and Artha mandapam. A vesara vimana is over the sanctum.
HISTORY AND INSCRIPTIONSince
Thirugnanasambandar and Appar have Sung Hymns in praise of Lord Shiva of this
temple the temple might have existed during the 6th to 7th
Century. The original temple was constructed during the Pallava period, later
reconstructed by Chozhas, and extended during Vijayanagaras.
As per the inscriptions
this place was mentioned as Nandhivarma Mangalam, Pandya Kulasini Valanattu
Rajasraya Chaturvedi Mangalam Karkudi (Rajarajan Period), Raja Mahendra Valanattu Uraiyur Kootrathu Brahmadeya Chaturvedi
Mangalam Karkudi (Kulothunga Period), Keralanthaka Valanattu Uraiyur
Kootrathu Thirukarkudi (Rajendra-I period) and Rajakembeera Valanattu
Brahmadeyam Uyyakondan Thirumalai (Vijayanagara King Mallikarjuna
Maharaja period). Lord Shiva was called Uyyakonda Nathar, Thirukarkudi Vizhumiya Nayanar, etc,.
The inscriptions belong to Parantaka Chozha-I, Kandaraditha
Chozha’s wife, Parantaka’s wife Chembian Madevi, Uthama Chozha, Rajaraja-I,
Parakesari Rajendran-I, Veera Rajendran, Kulothunga-I, Vijayanagara King
Mallikarjuna Maharaja and Mylapore Thinnan. Most of the inscriptions record
the endowments of burning perpetual
lamps, Naivedyam, and poojas for which
donations were made in terms of cattle/ sheep / Goats, Gold, Lands, etc.
This inscription ( 96 a. ) on a pillar of the inner praharam, is dated in
the 10th year of Parakesarivarman. It registers the gift
of sheep for lamps, made by Sembiyan Marayan, a perundanam of
Virasola Ilangovelar of Kodumbalur, to the temple of Karkudi in
Nandivanmamangalam. Karkudi the ancient name of Uyyakkondan
Tirumalai occurs in the hymns of the Devaram. Parakesarivarman
of this inscription has been identified with Parantaka I. in the Epigraphical
Report for 1908-09, page 88.
In the 10th year of (the
reign of ) King Parkesarivarman, Peranan Viranarayanan, alias Sembiyan
Marayan, a perundanam of Virasola Ilangovelar of
Kodumbalur in Urattur-kurram, gave ninety full-grown ewes which neither die nor
grow old for a sacred perpetual lamp to be burnt regularly, as long as the moon
and the sun (endure), with (one) ulakku of ghee
supplied by (the measure called) sula-vulakku, to the great
god (Paramesvara) at the sacred Karkudi in Nandipanmamangalam which was
a brahmadeya on the southern bank (of the Kaveri). Having
received (these) ninety (ewes), we, the temple servants (devarkanmi),
agreed to burn (the lamp). In this same year, the same person gave
fifty full-grown ewes which neither die nor grow old, for burning a day lamp (in
the same temple). Having received these fifty ewes also, we, the
temple servants, consented to burn regularly (the lamp), supplying (one) alakku of
ghee by (the measure called) sula-vulakku. This (charity)
shall be (under) the protection of (the assembly of)
all Mahesvaras.
Veera Rajendran’s 3rd
reign year inscription starts with his mei keerthi records the endowment of
burning a perpetual lamp for which 90 Sheep / Goats are gifted to this temple
by Keralanthaka Valanattu Uraiyur Kootrathu Karuppur Vellalan alias
Keralanthaka Vizhupparayan.
A Vijayanagara Dynasty
viceroy Sri Raja Koneri ( raja ) ( 1488 – 1492 CE ) bearing the title of
Mahamandaleshwar Pattuka Kattari Rayavasavasankara, Kanchipuravaradhisvara, and
Madiyadu-Mannar-Manavalan, an inscription records that certain income from certain taxes (Kolunthuka Kanikkai, Kuthirai
Kanikkai, Nattu Kanikkai, Viniyogam Kapoora Kaanikkai, Mahadeva Varathanai,
Avasara Varathanai Kanikkai, etc, ) payable to the Palace, were to be paid to
this temple of God Vilumiya Nayanar of Uyyakondan Thirumalai.
As per the gazetteer
during the 18th Century this temple was used by both French, British, and Muslim rulers as a bunker and to store arms and ammunition during the Mysore war.
This temple is under the
administrative control of Dharmapura Adheenam.
Ref: South Indian Inscriptions of ( Parakesari Varman Parantaka-I )
LEGENDSAs per sthala purana, Sage Mirukandu prayed to Lord Shiva for
a Child boon. Lord Shiva asked what type of Child, he would like to have, a
fool, a handicapped with 100 years, or
the one known for wisdom and handsomeness with a short life of just 16 years. The Sage Mrukandu had preferred the last
one. A male child was born and named as Markandeya. When Markandeya attained
the age of 16, Yama chased him.
Markandeya ran to many Shiva Temples.
Finally reached this Karkudi / Uyyakondan Thirumalai and fell at the feet of
Lord Shiva. Lord Shiva came out of the Sanctum Sanctorum, chased away Yama, and left
his footprint on the south side of the entrance, near the Dwajasthambam,
to threaten Yamadharman.
In this temple, Lord
Shiva promised Markandeya a longer life (endrum pathinaru – என்றும் பதினாறு).
Jyeshta Devi in this
temple was a Kula Deivam for Nandivarman Pallava. Jyeshta Devi is believed to be
the elder sister of Maha Lakshmi. When the Main deities / Nattar gods & goddesses
were converted as small deities by the Brahmin priests & Braminical-based
mutts, Jyeshta Devi was moved out of
worship saying She was not auspicious to worship.
Jyeshta Devi in this temple is with her Children Mandhan and Mandhi or
Chedi. Jyeshta Devi is considered the second
on Meru Hill. Jyeshta Devi is also considered as the other form of Adhiparasakthi.
Devotees worship Jyeshta Devi to protect from accidents, in their lives.
POOJAS AND CELEBRATIONS Apart from regular
poojas, special poojas are conducted on Monthly Pournami days ( full moon Days
), The Festival is celebrated in the month of Panguni ( March - April ), On Thaipusam day Chandrasekara will go to
Somarasam Pettai on the month Thai ( Jan – Feb ).
TEMPLE TIMINGSThe temple will be kept
open between 06.00 hrs to 12.00 hrs and 17.00 hrs to 21.00 hrs.
CONTACT DETAILS :The landline numbers +
91 4364 223 207 and mobile numbers + 91 94431 50332 and +91 94436 50493,
may be contacted for further details.
HOW TO REACH : Town buses from Tiruchirappalli
Chatram bus stand to Vayalur pass through this place and the Temple is
on the roadside. From the central bus stand, one has to get down at Govt. Hospital to
catch a bus to Vayalur.The temple is 5 km from Tiruchirappalli central bus stand, in the
southwest direction, 16.6 km from Kulithalai, and 334 km from Chennai.Nearest Railway Station
is Tiruchirappalli.
LOCATION OF THE TEMPLE: CLICK HERE
நல்தமிழ்மாலை புனைந்தருளி
ஞானசம்பந்தர் புலன்கள் ஐந்தும்
வானவனை வானவர்க்கு மேலானை
………. திருநாவுக்கரசு
சுவாமிகள்
…….. சுந்தரர்
-- கூழும்பல்
Moolavar : Sr Ujjeevanatha Swamy, Sri Uchinathar,
Two Ambal sannadhis are
in this temple. (The lotus was found damaged in one Ambal’s hand, hence
another Ambal was installed as per her wish in the dream of the donor ). Anjanakshi Ambal Sannathi is facing east. Natarajar Sabha is in the
mandapa opposite to Moolavar sanctum. In praharam Nalvar, Ambal with Vinayagar,
Sri Valli Devasena Subramaniar, Gajalakshmi, Jyeshta Devi, Bhairavar, Suryan,
Saneeswarar, Idarkathar, Navagrahas, and
Chandikeswarar.
Since
Thirugnanasambandar and Appar have Sung Hymns in praise of Lord Shiva of this
temple the temple might have existed during the 6th to 7th
Century. The original temple was constructed during the Pallava period, later
reconstructed by Chozhas, and extended during Vijayanagaras.
POOJAS AND CELEBRATIONS
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