Friday 14 February 2020

Nandeeswarar Temple / Thirunanthikarai Cave Temple / Thirunanthikarai Kudaivarai Kovil, Thirunanthikarai, Kanyakumari District, Tamil Nadu.

25th January 2020.
The visit to this Nandeeswarar Temple at Thirunanthikarai in Kanyakumari District was a part of Nanjil Nadu Heritage Walk organized by Yaaooyaakay and Celebrate Kanchi in association with Tamil Nadu Tourism and Development Department, Kanyakumari, scheduled on 24th to 26th January 2020. This Nandeeswarar Cave temple is under the control of Archaeological Survey of India ( ASI ).

 The Cave

The rock cut cave is on the southern slope of this hill, about 8 feet from the ground level. Steel steps are provided by ASI to climb up. The rock cut cave Temple consists of Sanctum sanctorum, artha mandapam and a mukha mandapam. The front face of the mukha mandapam was chiseled to avoid water to seep in to the cave. The Sanctum is facing east and excavated 2 steps above the artha mandapam. Shivalingam is not from the mother rock. There are two pillars and pilasters  in between Mukha mandapam and artha mandapam. The pillars are of 4 face and a 8 faces. The Pothyals are simple. The artha mandapam wall are plastered with lime mortar and painted. Most of the mural paintings are faded. A faint image of Vinayagar can be seen on the sanctum wall and Mahapurushan, elephant and Palace scene are seen on the artha mandapam wall, which faces south. It is believed that these mural paintings are similar to Chera style.

HISTORY AND INSCRIPTIONS
This rock cut cave is believed to be excavated during 9th Century Aay King Vikramaditya Varaguna period in Pandya style. Inscriptions are found on the mukha mandapam, side walls and pillars.

The inscription without King’s name and year records  that the public and Thaliyalwan assembled at Kurunthambakkam, decided to change the name of this place Sri Nanthimangalam with a periphery limit of a nameless river, Nandhi river, Muthukonur and Pakkamangalam.

Another inscription without kings name records that, Mangalachery Sivakaram, belongs to this place donated a land to this temple.

The Rajaraja-I’s ( 985 CE to 1014 CE ) 18th year rule  inscription removes the ambiguity of Chozha King Rajaraja-Is’ birth date.  As per the inscription Rajaraja-I conquered Muttam of Valluva nadu and changed the name as Mummudi Chozha Nallur. He also ordered to celebrate a festival at this place Lord Shiva on his birth date of Aippasi Sathayam.

The inscription believed to be of 12th Century, records the donation of 9 buffaloes towards burning of perpetual lamp using one uri ghee by Chithakkutti Ambi alias Ainootruva Mutharaiyan, who belongs to Veikottumalai in Nanjil Nadu. The buffaloes are handed over to the herder Mangalavan Pavithran.

 Inscription on the mukha mandapam side wall 
 Inscription on the mukha mandapam side wall 
 Inscription of the pillar

HISTORICAL IMPORTANCE
There are 12 Shiva Temples around Kalkulam namely, Thirumalai Mahadevar Temple, Thickurichy Mahadevar Temple, Thirparappu Mahadevar Temple, Thirunanthikarai Sri Nandeeswarar Temple, Ponmanai Theembilangudi Mahadevar Temple, Thirupandripakam Shiva Temple, Kalkulam Neelakandeswarar Temple, Melangode Shiva temple, Thirupandricode Mahadevar temple and Thirunattalam Sankara Narayanar Temple.  On Maha Shivaratri day devotees used to run and worship all the temples shouting “E Gopala, e Gopala,.... Govinda...”. Usually the run will start from Thirumalai Mahadevar temple and finish at Nattalam Sankaranarayanar Temple,  thus covering a total distance of 110 KM.

HOW TO REACH:
Thirunanthikarai is 40 KM from Nagercoil, 58 KM from Kanyakumari, 104 KM from Tirunelveli, 280 KM from Madurai and 800 KM from Chennai
Nearest Railway station is Nagercoil.

LOCATION: CLICK HERE


 Painting, man, elephant, palace scene
 Vinayagar painting
This is also an ancient temple, completely renovated and Kumbhabhishekam was performed on the next day of our visit 


A little above the ground level there is a patham temple, open to sky. It is believed that these pathams belongs to Lord Shiva. There are 5 such patham markings are appeared on the Ulunthuparai on 30-12-2002, found out by the temple authorities.       

 Lord Shiva's patham markings
---OM SHIVAYA NAMA---

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