This is the 135th Thevara Padal
Petra Shiva Sthalam and 18th Sthalam on the south side of river
Kaveri in Chozha Nadu. This temple is on the banks of River Vettaru, which was
earlier called Utpalaru – Uppalaru. This
place is locally called Thirukalaavur.
In Periya Puranam Sekkizhar records that Thirugnanasambandar
Visited this temple after worshiping Lord Shiva of Thirunallur. Also in
Thirunavukkarasu Swamigal Puranam, Thirunavukkarasu Swamigal came to this place
after worshiping Lord Shiva of Avoor.
நீடும் அப்பதி நீங்குவார் நிகழ்திரு நல்லூர்ஆடுவார்திரு அருள்பெற அகன்று போந்து அங்கண்] மாடும் உள்ளன வணங்கியே பரவிவந்து அணைந்தார்தேடும்மால் அயற்கு அரியவர் திருக்கருகாவூர்……….. திருஞானசம்பந்தர் புராணம்கருகாவூர் முதலாகக்
கண்ணுதலோன் அமர்ந்தருளும் திருஆவூர் திருபாலைத்துறை பிறவும் சென்று இறைஞ்சிப்பெருகு ஆர்வத் திருத்தொண்டு செய்து பெருந்திருநல்லூர் ஒருகாலும் பிரியாதே உள் உருகிப் பணிகின்றார்…… திருநாவுக்கரசு சுவாமிகள்
Thirugnanasambandar, Thirunavukkarasu Swamigal, and Vallalar have sung hymns in praise of Lord Shiva of this
temple.
முத்து இலங்குமறு வல்உமை அஞ்சவே
வித்தாகும் முளையாகும் வேரே தானாம் வேண்டும் உருவமாம் விரும்பி நின்றபத்தாம் அடியார்க்கோர் பாங்க னுமாம் பால்நிறமு மாம்பரஞ் சோதி தானாம்தொத்தாம் அமரர்கணஞ் சூழ்ந்து போற்றத் தோன்றாதென் உள்ளத்தி னுள்ளே நின்றகத்தாம் அடியேற்கும் காணா காட்டுங் கண்ணாங் கருகாவூ ரெந்தை தானே…….. திருநாவுக்கரசு சுவாமிகள் -“மிக்கஅருகாவூர் சூழ்ந்தழகு பெறவோங்குங்கருகாவூர் இன்பக் கதியே…….. திரு அருட்பாMoolavar :
Sri Karpapureeswarar, Sri Mullaivananathar, Sri MathaviveswararConsort :
Sri Garbarakshambigai, Sri Karkkaatha Nayagi
Some of the important features of this temple
are...The temple faces east with a Rajagopuram. The
temple tank is in front of the temple. Balipeedam, Dwajasthambam, and Rishabam
are in front of the sanctum sanctorum. Rishabam is a vidanga Murti without
chiseled. In sanctum Moolavar is swayambhu – Ant hill Putruman. Only
punuku is applied and no abhishekam will be conducted. In Koshtam
Vinayagar, Dakshinamurthy, Brahma and Durgai.
In the inner praharam Vinayagar, Two Rishabas, two
balipeedam, 63 var, Santhanachariyars, Vinayagar, Murugan, Gajalakshmi, Ratha
shaped Sabha mandapam in that Nithua Maharishi worshiped Shiva Linga and
Sthala Vruksham. Gauthamesar sannadhi is on the way to Ambal Temple.
At the entrance of sanctum Vinayagar and Sri Valli
Devasena Subramaniyar. In Maha mandapam
Navagrahas and Natarajar Sabha. Shiva and Ambal are in separate sannidhis side by
side with separate entrances and Rajagopuras. The sanctum sanctorum consists
of sanctum, antarala, and artha mandapam. Moolavar vimana is of vesara style.
HISTORY AND
INSCRIPTIONSSince Thirugnanasambandar and Thirunavukkarasu
Swamigal have sung hymns in praise of Lord Shiva of this temple, the original
temple existed before the 7th Century. The temple was reconstructed with stone
during the medieval Chozha period.
Most of the inscriptions
record the endowment of burning
perpetual lamps, Naivedyam/offerings, celebrations, etc for which land, and cattle are gifted to this temple and the temple
activities are under the control of Karukavur Sabha.
The inscriptions recorded from this
temple belong to Madurai Konda Koparakesarivarman, Rajaraja Chozha-I, Rajendra
Chozha-I, Kulothunga Chozha-I, and Vikrama Chozha. As per the inscriptions Lord
Shiva was called Thirukarukavur Mahadevar, Thirukarukavur Alwar,
Thirumullaivanamudaya Mahadevar. This
place was under Vadakarai Pambur Natti devathanam Thirukudamooku Karukavur (during Maduraikonda Koparakesarivarmar period), Nithavinothavalanattu Avoor
Kootrathu Thirukarukavur (Rajaraja-I period).
Koparakesarivarmar’s period inscription records the endowment of burning a
perpetual lamp, by a merchant Chamundamurthy, which belongs to Nandhipuram, for
which land was gifted to this temple after purchase. The land was on the
banks of Utplaru now called Uppanaru. Reference.
Papanasam Vatta
Kalvettukal Part 1 & 2.
Thirukkarukavur Pages 1 to 49, Sl.
Nos 1/1992 to 13/1992 & 1/1995 to 12/1995
Summaries of 25 inscriptions of Mullaivananathaswamy Temple at
Thirukkarukavur of Papanasam Tk, Tanjore District are given below with the name of
the king, regnal year, historical year, and location. All records are written in
Tamil language and Script except for a few names in Grantha.
1/1992 Parakesarivarman’s, (Uttamachola) 5th
regnal year 976 CE, inscription on the North wall of the Central
shrine, records the sale of land as Thiruvunnalikaippuram by Kausiyan Misuņi,
Ayiravan Maran and his two sons Marân Singan and Maran Kuladipan for 20
Ilakkasu. The land was originally purchased from 4 individuals who inherited
that land by virtue of their right of worship in the temple.
2/1992 Parakesarivarman’s (Uttmachola) 5th
regnal year 976 CE inscription on the North wall of the Central shrine records
that, at the request of Singan Kaliyan alias Uttamachōla Muvendavelän of
Kommaipakkam, the king donated 3 veli of land on the early morning of the
first day of the month Aippasi (Sankaranti Velvai) while he had been in the
temple at Thiruvalanjali. The annual produce of 710 kalam of paddy from the 3
veli is said to be utilized for various purposes such as food offerings, lamps,
salary and cloths for the temple servants (Nambimar), sandal, dammer and also
to Karumāņikka devar ( Vishnu ) and Ganapatiyar. The decision was taken in the
presence of the officials Koyil Mayilai alias Maduräntakan Muvendavelän of
Sigringan and Sättan Pasuvati alias Kaliyan Tandīsvaran, Panmähesvaras and
Mulaparudaiyar.
3/1992 Parakesarivarman’s ( Uttamachola ), 5th
regnal year, 976 CE inscription on the North wall of the Central shrine, records
the gift of 3 veli of land by 5 individuals namely Korrangudaiyan Arangan
Kunjikamallan, Päradayan Suvaran Tirumal, Paradāyan Damodiran Nārāyanan, Kavidi
Nārāyana n Äyiravan, Paradāyan Nakkan Sendan. The land was exempted from tax and
utilized for the expenses to supply 2 Indai malai (garland for forehead),
Tirumalai, and bell (made of gold?) for God.
........ The inscriptions will continue at the last of this post.
LEGENDSThis place was called Mullaivanam,
Madhavivanam, and Karpapuri during the Puranic period. This place Karukkagavur -
Mullaivanam is one of the Pancha Aranya temples on the banks of river Kaveri.
The rest are .. AvalivaNallur – Pathirivanam, Arathaiperumpazhi –
Vannivanam, Irumpoolai – Poolaivanam and
Kollampudur – Vilvavanam. It is believed that it will be auspicious to worship
the above temples during Early morning, afternoon, noon, Evening, and Ardha
Jamam.
In Skanda kshetra Vaibhav Kaandam Sanathkumara
Sangithai, Sanathkumarar told the
specialty and greatness of this temple to Narathar. Brahma, Gauthamar, and
Chandran also worshiped Lord Shiva of this temple.
It is believed that those who worship Ambal of this temple will not die before delivery and abortion will not happen. Oil will be given to the pregnant ladies to apply on their stomachs, as a prasad to pregnant ladies for a safe delivery. It is also believed that the abhisheka ghee of Ambal will give a child boon to ladies.
POOJAS AND CELEBRATIONSThe poojas conducted before, during pregnancy, and post-delivery periods are Ghee
prasada pooja. (To conceive), Castor oil prasada pooja. (For Safe delivery),
Punugu sattam pooja. (For better health), Abhishekam, Annadhanam, Kattalai
Archanai, Nava kodi nei deepam (nine crores ghee lamps), Sandana kappu.(Sandal
Paste offering), Thanga thottil/cradle, Thulabharam and Ear boring ceremony, and Head tonsure.
TEMPLE TIMINGSThe temple will be kept open between 06.00 hrs
to 12.00 hrs and 15.00 hrs to 20.00 hrs.
CONTACT
DETAILS : The Land Line numbers: are + 91 4374 273 502
& +91 4374 273 473 and the mobile number is +91 9789160819 may be contacted
for further details.Phone number +91 4374 273423 and +91 8870058269
HOW TO
REACH : Town bus routes nos 11 & 52, available from
Kumbakonam, Kumbakonam to Avoor bus via Milattur and Kumbakonam to Thanjavur
buses pass through this place.The temple is 9.4 KM from Papanasam, 12 KM from
Chakkarapalli, 20 KM from Kumbakonam, 27 KM from Thanjavur, and 313 KM from
Chennai. The nearest Railway station is Papanasam and Junction
is Kumbakonam.
LOCATION OF
THE TEMPLE: CLICK HERE
Inscriptions Continued... 6/1992 –
Parantaka-I’s, 18th regnal year 925 CE, inscription on the West
wall of the Central shrine records that, based on
the audit of the tax accounts of the temple land conducted by Tennavan
Saliyavaraiyan and Sõjavelär in accordance with temple administrators such as
Panmäheswaras and Thirükkyöiludaiyärkal, it was decided that the taxes to be
exempted after receiving 70 Kalanju of gold as a deposit. The said lands were
originally gifted by 4 individuals namely Marudan Dalan, Semangudan Ayiravan,
Samundan Murti, and Moguliyan Sittan Valugan for sacred food and perpetual lamps
7/1992- This
fragment 11th Century CE inscription on the South wall of the
Central shrine, records the gift of gold weighing 17 Kalanju and 11 mañjādi by
Pidaran Udaiyan and was attested by Vidangan Devan, Tattārakkani of that
village.
8/1992
Parantaka-I’s, 33rd regnal year, 940 CE inscription on the
South wall of the Central shrine, records the gift of land by Nakkan Vikramabharani, a servant of queen Minavan Mädeviyär after purchase from Kundam
Pandan of Koggankudi. The land was cultivated by digging a tank and the tax was to
be remitted by the Village assembly (Ur.) The administrative body (parishad) was
entrusted to pay the tax on behalf of Ur, and for that, it received a gold deposit. It
is also stated that, if the parishad is failed to pay the tax, a fine of 50
Kalanju with defaulted amount of tax is to be collected.
9/1992
– Parantaka-I’s 24th regnal year 931 CE inscription on the
South wall of the Central shrine, records the gift of one perpetual lamp by
Nakkan Chandradevi of Jeya- bhīmatali at Tanjavur and the land by Amur
náttuvalar. Thadinot
10/1992
Parakesari Varman’s 16th regnal year 10th century
CE, inscription on the South wall of the Central shrine, records the sale of
land to the temple by Mulaparidai (Mulaparished) for 31 Kasu. The land was
mentioned as 'Kuttu Nilam' (i.e.) joint right holding of Sabha and Ur.
11/1992
Parantaka-I’s, 14th regnal year 921CE, inscription on the South
wall of the Central shrine, Records the gift of land by one Chamundan Mürti, a
merchant of Nandipuram for lighting a perpetual lamp The yield of that land has
to be utilized after remitting the taxes. The responsibility has been fixed
with the group called Ayiran Tiruvadi'.
12/1992
– Parantaka-I’s, 17th regnal year 924 CE, inscription on the South wall of Ardha
mandapa records that Arangalayan son of Pattur kilän gifted 2 ma of land
for conducting festival. (Tiruvilappuram) and of land (araikkal) in Ten
Mallikam for blowing conch. After remitting the taxes, the balance has to be
utilized for this purpose.
13/1992
Parantaka-I’s, 23rd regnal year 930 CE, inscription on the
South wall of the Ardha mandapa, records the Gift of land by Nilayan Kann[an]
of Uluntankudi to provide ghee for food offering and a specific ritual (Ipti kāryam). stops abruptly.
1/1995
Parakesarivarman’s, 10th century CE, inscription on the South
wall of Ardha mandapa, records the gift of land by Raman Rayana... after
purchase from Sankan Devan and some others to provide sacred food and perpetual
lamp to the temple.
3/1995
Rajendra-I’s regnal year lost inscription on the Northern Adhishtana of the central shrine,
records the tax-free gift of land after purchase for rearing the flower garden
in the name of Adavallan on the Southern side of Thirukarukávur Udaiyar temple
by Sõjakula Sundariyar, daughter (Pillaiyar) of the King. The land was made
tax-free by depositing 15 Kasu. The boundaries of the land are also specified
4/1995
Rajadhiraja-I’s, the 32nd Regnal year 1048 CE, inscription on the
North wall and Adhistana (Patti and Kumudam) of Central shrine. Starts with his meikirti as "Tingalertaru.... ". It records the gift of land
as Sälaipuram by Bhattalakan Maduravāsakiyar, personal attendant (anukkiyar) of
Rajadhiraja I, after purchase from the sabaiyar on three different occasions in
the years 26, 28, and 31 for 40, 45, 110 kasu respectively. The arrangements
were made to provide food 2 times daily to 5 Brahmins from the yield of that
land, This deed is mentioned as Sabha. Niyogam'.
6/1995
– The fragment and damaged inscription without the King's name and year on the West
side of Adhishtana (Kumudam) of the Central shrine, records the distribution of
Cows among various individuals in order to supply ghee for lighting 3 perpetual lamps. They had to supply 22 nali and uri monthly at the rate of 3 ulakku per day.
7/1995
The damaged inscription without King's name and year, on the Central
shrine, is a sale deed executed by a Brahmin lady named Kuttan Adaikkalam wife
of Danti Divakara Bhatta under the guardianship of one Päratayan Janardhana, It
is mentioned that the said land include the property of her brother-in-law,
Bhattan ächan alias Vairāki sõgi which was obtained by her by paying the fine
assigned to him. The beginning is lost.--- OM SHIVAYA NAMA ---
ஆடுவார்திரு அருள்பெற அகன்று போந்து அங்கண்]
கருகாவூர் முதலாகக்
கண்ணுதலோன் அமர்ந்தருளும்
பெருகு ஆர்வத் திருத்தொண்டு செய்து பெருந்திருநல்லூர்
முத்து இலங்குமறு வல்உமை அஞ்சவே
Moolavar :
Sri Karpapureeswarar, Sri Mullaivananathar,
Reference.
Papanasam Vatta
Kalvettukal Part 1 & 2.
Thirukkarukavur Pages 1 to 49, Sl.
Nos 1/1992 to 13/1992 & 1/1995 to 12/1995........ The inscriptions will continue at the last of this post.
6/1992 –
Parantaka-I’s, 18th regnal year 925 CE, inscription on the West
wall of the Central shrine records that, based on
the audit of the tax accounts of the temple land conducted by Tennavan
Saliyavaraiyan and Sõjavelär in accordance with temple administrators such as
Panmäheswaras and Thirükkyöiludaiyärkal, it was decided that the taxes to be
exempted after receiving 70 Kalanju of gold as a deposit. The said lands were
originally gifted by 4 individuals namely Marudan Dalan, Semangudan Ayiravan,
Samundan Murti, and Moguliyan Sittan Valugan for sacred food and perpetual lamps
7/1992- This
fragment 11th Century CE inscription on the South wall of the
Central shrine, records the gift of gold weighing 17 Kalanju and 11 mañjādi by
Pidaran Udaiyan and was attested by Vidangan Devan, Tattārakkani of that
village.
(Note:
This inscription was mentioned as a fragment and stated that the gift had been
made by Vidangan Devan in A.R.E.).
8/1992
Parantaka-I’s, 33rd regnal year, 940 CE inscription on the
South wall of the Central shrine, records the gift of land by Nakkan Vikramabharani, a servant of queen Minavan Mädeviyär after purchase from Kundam
Pandan of Koggankudi. The land was cultivated by digging a tank and the tax was to
be remitted by the Village assembly (Ur.) The administrative body (parishad) was
entrusted to pay the tax on behalf of Ur, and for that, it received a gold deposit. It
is also stated that, if the parishad is failed to pay the tax, a fine of 50
Kalanju with defaulted amount of tax is to be collected.
9/1992
– Parantaka-I’s 24th regnal year 931 CE inscription on the
South wall of the Central shrine, records the gift of one perpetual lamp by
Nakkan Chandradevi of Jeya- bhīmatali at Tanjavur and the land by Amur
náttuvalar. Thadinot
10/1992
Parakesari Varman’s 16th regnal year 10th century
CE, inscription on the South wall of the Central shrine, records the sale of
land to the temple by Mulaparidai (Mulaparished) for 31 Kasu. The land was
mentioned as 'Kuttu Nilam' (i.e.) joint right holding of Sabha and Ur.
11/1992
Parantaka-I’s, 14th regnal year 921CE, inscription on the South
wall of the Central shrine, Records the gift of land by one Chamundan Mürti, a
merchant of Nandipuram for lighting a perpetual lamp The yield of that land has
to be utilized after remitting the taxes. The responsibility has been fixed
with the group called Ayiran Tiruvadi'.
12/1992
– Parantaka-I’s, 17th regnal year 924 CE, inscription on the South wall of Ardha
mandapa records that Arangalayan son of Pattur kilän gifted 2 ma of land
for conducting festival. (Tiruvilappuram) and of land (araikkal) in Ten
Mallikam for blowing conch. After remitting the taxes, the balance has to be
utilized for this purpose.
13/1992
Parantaka-I’s, 23rd regnal year 930 CE, inscription on the
South wall of the Ardha mandapa, records the Gift of land by Nilayan Kann[an]
of Uluntankudi to provide ghee for food offering and a specific ritual (Ipti kāryam). stops abruptly.
1/1995
Parakesarivarman’s, 10th century CE, inscription on the South
wall of Ardha mandapa, records the gift of land by Raman Rayana... after
purchase from Sankan Devan and some others to provide sacred food and perpetual
lamp to the temple.
3/1995
Rajendra-I’s regnal year lost inscription on the Northern Adhishtana of the central shrine,
records the tax-free gift of land after purchase for rearing the flower garden
in the name of Adavallan on the Southern side of Thirukarukávur Udaiyar temple
by Sõjakula Sundariyar, daughter (Pillaiyar) of the King. The land was made
tax-free by depositing 15 Kasu. The boundaries of the land are also specified
4/1995
Rajadhiraja-I’s, the 32nd Regnal year 1048 CE, inscription on the
North wall and Adhistana (Patti and Kumudam) of Central shrine. Starts with his meikirti as "Tingalertaru.... ". It records the gift of land
as Sälaipuram by Bhattalakan Maduravāsakiyar, personal attendant (anukkiyar) of
Rajadhiraja I, after purchase from the sabaiyar on three different occasions in
the years 26, 28, and 31 for 40, 45, 110 kasu respectively. The arrangements
were made to provide food 2 times daily to 5 Brahmins from the yield of that
land, This deed is mentioned as Sabha. Niyogam'.
6/1995
– The fragment and damaged inscription without the King's name and year on the West
side of Adhishtana (Kumudam) of the Central shrine, records the distribution of
Cows among various individuals in order to supply ghee for lighting 3 perpetual lamps. They had to supply 22 nali and uri monthly at the rate of 3 ulakku per day.
7/1995
The damaged inscription without King's name and year, on the Central
shrine, is a sale deed executed by a Brahmin lady named Kuttan Adaikkalam wife
of Danti Divakara Bhatta under the guardianship of one Päratayan Janardhana, It
is mentioned that the said land include the property of her brother-in-law,
Bhattan ächan alias Vairāki sõgi which was obtained by her by paying the fine
assigned to him. The beginning is lost.
--- OM SHIVAYA NAMA ---
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