Friday, 12 October 2018

Sri Sathyamurthy Perumal Rock Cut Cave Temple, Thirumayam, Pudukkottai District, Tamil Nadu.

30th September 2018
The visit to this temple was a part of the Pudukottai Heritage visit. Thirumayam is a corrupted word of Thirumeyyam  (A Land of Truth). This place was ruled by Mutharaiyars, Chozhas, Pandyas, Vijayanagara, Pallavas, Hoysalas, Thondaimans, and Sethupathis. There are two rock-cut cave temples on the south side of the hill, of which one is dedicated to Vishnu. This is one of the 108 Divyadesams of Vishnu, and mangalasasanam was done by Thirumangai Alwar.


Moolavar: Sri Sathyamurthy Perumal
Thayar : Sri Ujjivana Thayar(உய்யவந்த நாச்சியார் Uyyavantha Nachiyar )

The salient features of this Rock Cave temple are...
The Cave faces south with a 5-tier Rajagopuram. This temple is on the east side of the Shiva Temple, which once shared the open space in front of the caves. Later during the 13th century, a separation wall was constructed between these two temples.

PALLIKONDA PERUMAL
Moolavar is in Sayana posture on Adhiseshan. While the right hand is stretched backward with a hanging palm, the left hand is stretched on the side of the body. Brahma is on a lotus and came from the naval of Perumal. Sridevi is near the chest, and Bhudevi is near the feet. On the wall, keeping Brahma at the center reliefs of Chandran with his wife, Markandeyar, Bonthu munis, Garudan, Asuras, Devas, Madhu, Kaidabar, and Suryan. In addition to this, there are bas-reliefs of Thumpuru with his disciples, Naradhar with his disciples, Thanda Padchar, Kuralar, Vidyadharas, and Saptha Rishis are also carved.  The legend of Asuras who came to take captive Sridevi and Bhudevi are running after being frightened by Jwalas which came from Adhiseshan, is clearly shown in the form of bas-relief. Urchavars are in front.

SRI SATHYAMURTHY PERUMAL
Sri Sathyamurthy Perumal sanctum sanctorum consists of a sanctum, antarala, artha mandapam, and Sundarapandian Mandapam. In koshtams, various standing postures of Vishnu. An eka tala Dravidian-style Vimana is over the sanctum. In the sanctum, Perumal Sri Sathyamurthy is in a standing posture with Bhudevi, and on the right, Pururava Chakravarthy,  Sathya Maharishi. Urchavars Thirumeyyar, Sridevi, Bhudevi, and Andal are in front. Garudan sannidhi is in the centre of Sundarapandyan Mandapam.

In the praharam sannadhi for Thirumeyyar Sathyamurthy,  Ujjivana Thayar,  Viswaksenar, Chakkarathalwar, Sri Ramar, Poovaraga Perumal, Lakshmi Narasimhar, Krishna, and Andal.

On the east side of the Temple premises, there is an octagonal Tank, which was excavated by Pillayarpatti Murugappa Chettiyar’s son Ramanathan Chettiar, in the Kalayukthi year, Thai month 12th day (in Tamil). This Tank is called Chandra Pushkarani. On eight places, bas reliefs with inscriptions as Indirathuyamana Pandya, Garuda Bhagwan, Anjaneya Murthy, Adishesha Katsakan Bhagwan, Chandra Bhagwan, Sathya Maharishi, Puroorava Chakravarthy, and Kamalanayanaraja.





INSCRIPTIONS
There are 30 inscriptions found in this rock-cut cave, which include Rajarajan-I (the oldest inscription), Mutharaiyar, Sundarapandian, Parakrama Pandyan Sadaya Varman, Krishnadevaraya, Sethupathis, Thondaimans, etc. The 8th-century inscription, believed to be the oldest, is guarded by the grill arrangement and speaks about  Vidael Vidugu Mutharaiyar, also called Vizhuper Adhiyaraisan, Sathan Maran’s mother. Perumpidugu Perundevi renovated a temple on these premises and donated land to the sanctum. In addition to this, the Sundara Pandyan period Shiva temple inscription speaks about the dispute between Shiva and Vishnu temples regarding the sharing of the temple tank and Land. It was resolved that 3/5 portion of the share was given to Sri Sathyamurthy Perumal Temple in the presence of Hoysala Kings Thandanayakar Appanna Thandanayakar.

From the inscriptions, Perumal in Sayana Kolam were called “Kidantha Piran”, “Pallikondarulina Alwar”, and “KaNmalarntharulina Emperuman”. Sri Sathyamurthy Perumal is called “Nintrarulina Vishnu Pattaarakar”(Chozha inscription at Shiva Temple), “Nintrarulia Thevar”, “Meyyaththu Malaialar”, “Azhakiya Meyyar”.

The exact period of excavation of this rock-cut cave was not known, even though 30 inscriptions were found in this rock-cut cave. From the available evidence, the Sri Sathyamurthy Perumal, also called Nintraruliya Perumal, existed before the 8th century, and the rock-cut cave temple might have been excavated in the 8th Century.

TEMPLE TIMINGS
The temple will be kept open between 07.00 hrs to 12.00 hrs, and 17.00 hrs to 20.00 hrs.

HOW TO REACH :
Thirumayam is on the way to Pudukottai, Chettinad, from Trichy.
21 km from Pudukkottai and 68  km from Trichy.
The nearest Railway Station is Trichy.

LOCATION OF THE ROCK CUT CAVE TEMPLE: CLICK HERE



 Octagonal Tank
 A relief from the pillar

---OM SHIVAYA NAMA---

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