Wednesday, 15 January 2020

Varaheeswarar Temple / Sri Varageesvar Temple, Damal, Kanchipuram District, Tamil Nadu.

15th December 2019.
The visit to this Shiva temple was a part of Shiva and Vishnu temples in Kanchipuram and Vellore Districts scheduled on 15th December 2019. Initially, it was planned to visit this temple alone, but Thiruparkadal Shiva Temple and Sirukarumbur Shiva Temples were added due to the availability of time. This place Damal was called Thamar or Damar during the Chozha period  and the same was corrupted to the present name of Damal. This village Damal is the hometown of D.K. Pattammal, D.K. Jayaraman, and Seshadri Swamigal.


Moolavar  : Sri Varaheeswarar
Consort    : Sri Gowri Amman

Some of the salient features of this temple are….
The temple faces west with a 7-tier Rajagopuram. Balipeedam and Nandhi are in front of a Vijayanagara period mandapam. Sri Vinayagar and Valli Devasena Subramaniar Sannidhis are on both sides of Nandi. Ambal Sri Gowri is in the Vijayanagara period front/Mukha mandapam facing south with a small elephant as vahana. Moolavar is of swayambhu with markings of Conch and chakra (worshiped by Varaha). In koshtam Vinayagar, Dakshinamurthy, Lingothbavar, Brahma and Durga.

Dwarapalakas are at the entrance of Maha mandapam from the mukha mandapam. In prakara  Bhairava, Surya, Vinayagar, Sarabeshwara Linga, Ashtottara Linga and Chandikeswarar. Sun rays falls on moolavar on Ratha Saptami day in the  Tamil Month Masi ( February – March ). The Vinayagar, Nalvar and 63var idols are in the prakara and waiting for consecration.

ARCHITECTURE
The sanctum sanctorum consists of sanctum, antarala, artha mandapam, maha mandapam and mukha mandapam. The Mukha mandapam pillars have various reliefs like, Ashta Bhairavas, various forms of Lord Shiva, Murugan, the sthala purana of  Kalathi, Kanchipuram and some are from epic Ramayana.

The sanctum is on a Padmabandha adhisthana with threepatta Kumuda. A Two-tier Vimana is over the sanctum. Prastaram is of kapotha style with karnakood. Padma is in the valabi.

The original sanctum was built by Pallavas. Antarala and arthamandapa are added during Chozha period. The Prakara, Mahamandapa and mukha mandapa are added during Vijayanagara period.



HISTORY AND INSCRIPTIONS
There are many tales behind the Village name Damal. Some of them are... The word Damar might have been derived from the “Thamarai (Lotus ) tank near the temple” or from the name of a Pallava Chieftain Daman ( Daman Thondrikon ) who ruled Damar Nadu or from a Vijayanagara Nayak ruler Damarala Venkattappa Nayaka. In fact, Damar is also referred to in Sangam literature as Purananuru, a poet by the name Damappa Kannanar, who hails from this Village.

As per Pallava King Simhavarman-III ( 556 CE ) copper plate this place was mentioned as Damar or Thamar, Damar Kottam, Damar Nadu, Damanallur, and Damar. Damal was also called Damalachery during the Maratha period. Damar Nadu was a sub-division under Thondai mandalam.  Lord Shiva was called Tirupannriswaram Udayar (பன்றி Boar in English and Varaha in Sanskrit) and is now called Varaheeswarar, in Sanskrit.

As per South Indian Inscriptions, No 77 of Volume 2, The Kanchipuram Anekatangapadam temple Kulothunga-I ( 1070 – 1120 CE ) inscription mentions this place as Damar also called Nittavinodanallur in Damar Nadu in Damar Kottam. The subjoined inscription records that, in the 20th year of his reign, Kulottunga-Choladeva granted to the Siva temple of Anekatangapadam in Kanchipuram three veli of land in the village of Tamar, alias Nittavinodanallur, in Tamar-nadu, a subdivision of Tamar-kottam. According to Mr. Crole’s Chingleput Manual (p. 439), the district of “Tamal-kottam” was situated in the west of the Conjeeveram taluka. The village of Tamar must be accordingly identified with the modern Damal.

The 1524CE Tirumala Raya, son of Krishnadevaraya period inscription records the tax exemption and the income received from the Damal village with land donated by Namachivayam of Pungancheri village on behalf of the donor Ananthalwar Pillai and the income to be used for pooja Punaskaram.

The 1532 CE Vijayanagara King Achutharaya period inscription records the gift of land by Jalakaraja alias Siruthirumalirasar to Lord Thirupannriswaramudaiyar – Thamarudaiyar. It is mentioned that the land should be used for agriculture and the income from that thevadhana land should be used for poojas and maintenance of this temple.
   
With the available sculptures and architectural features, the original temple is believed to have been built during the 7th Century Nandivarman-III period. The temple was renovated during the Chozha period by Kulothunga-II and Rajaraja-II and later patronized by, Vijayanagara kings Tirumala Raya ( 1524CE ) and Achyutaraya-( 1532 CE ). The Rajagopuram was built during the Vijayanagara Nayaka period (a Relief of Husband & wife is seen at the entrance wall).
 
Adhistana with inscriptions

LEGEND
As per the legend Vishnu after killing Hiranyaksha, in the  Varaha avatar brought back the Earth. Vishnu couldn’t control his anger and behaved ferociously. So Devas seek Lord Shiva’s help. Lord Shiva as a hunter fights with Varaha, hugged and plugged the tusks, which were coated with Demon’s blood. Lord Vishnu’s Demon behaviors disappeared and worshiped Lord Shiva. Due to embracing Varha,  the Conch and Chakra impressions are found on the Shiva Linga.
  
CELEBRATION AND FUNCTIONS:
Apart from regular poojas, pradosam maha Shivaratri is celebrated in a grand manner.

TEMPLE TIMINGS:
The temple will be kept open between 07.00 hrs to 10.00 hrs and 16.00 hrs to 19.00 hrs. Devotees are advised to confirm with the Archakar before going to the temple.

CONTACT:
The Archakar Dinesh may be contacted on his mobile No +919994367390 may be contacted for further details.

HOW TO REACH:
This temple is on the Northeast corner of the Village Damal close to Chennai- Mumbai Highway.
Buses are available from Kanchipuram.
Damal is 16 KM from Kanchipuram, 33 KM from Arakkonam, and 90 KM from Chennai.
Nearest Railway Junction is Arakkonam.

LOCATION OF THE TEMPLE: CLICK HERE

Ref: The book The Temple of Varahishwarar in Damal, Kanchipuram published by C.P Ramaswami Aiyer Foundation.




  Dwarapalakas







 An Elephant Vahana before Ambal shrine


 Donors bas-reliefs of the Rajagopuram
---OM SHIVAYA NAMA---

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